(IME - 2015/2016 - 2ª FASE)
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MATERIALS OF IMPORTANCE
Carbonated Beverages Containers
One common item that presents some interesting material property requirements is the container for carbonated beverages. The material used for this application must satisfy the following constraints: provide a barrier to the passage of carbon dioxide, which is under pressure in the container; be nontoxic, unreactive with the beverage, and, preferably be recyclable; be relatively strong, and capable of surviving a drop from a height of several feet when containing the beverage; be inexpensive and the cost to fabricate the final shape should be relatively low; if optically transparent, retain its optical clarity; and capable of being produced having different colors and/or able to be adorned with decorative labels.
All three of the basic material types—metal (aluminum), ceramic (glass), and polymer (polyester plastic)—are used for carbonated beverage containers. All of these materials are nontoxic and unreactive with beverages. In addition, each material has its pros and cons. For example, the aluminum alloy is relatively strong (but easily dented), is a very good barrier to the diffusion of carbon dioxide, is easily recycled, beverages are cooled rapidly, and labels may be painted onto its surface. On the other hand, the cans are optically opaque, and relatively expensive to produce. Glass is impervious to the passage of carbon dioxide, is a relatively inexpensive material, may be recycled, but it cracks and fractures easily, and glass bottles are relatively heavy. Whereas the plastic is relatively strong, may be made optically transparent, is inexpensive and lightweight, and is recyclable, it is not as impervious to the passage of carbon dioxide as the aluminum and glass. For example, you may have noticed that beverages in aluminum and glass containers retain their carbonization (i.e., “fizz”) for several years, whereas those in two-liter plastic bottles “go flat” within a few months.
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ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA CORRETA DE ACORDO COM O TEXTO 2 A SEGUIR.
Gabarito:
Despite all the pros the aluminum alloy containers present, they"re not optically transparent.
Resolução:
A) CORRECT: pois essa é uma afirmação dita no próprio texto, em que mostra o fato de não haver transparência nos materiais de alumínio, mas, em compensação, eles são muito vantajosos.
B) INCORRECT: pois isso não está de acordo com o que é dito no texto, visto que no material de alumínio é mais fácil encontrar amassados e depressões.
C) INCORRECT: pois nos materiais de alumínio o dióxido de carbono não é difundido, mas sim retido.
D) INCORRECT: pois os produtos feitos de plástico são mais baratos que os de alumínio, visto que aqueles não retém de forma adequada o dióxido de carbono nos produtos.
E) INCORRECT: pois os materiais de alumínio são capazes de manter a temperatura do produto que está no seu anterior de forma muito eficiente.